This panel provides drug-protein interaction and their ADRs along with references
| Interacting Drugs |
Toxicity |
Mechanism |
Reference |
|---|
| Acebutolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Alprenolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Amineptine | Hepatotoxicity | CYP2D6 is associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. [ ADR Type 2 ] | Genetically determined oxidation polymorphism and drug hepatotoxicity Study of 51 patients
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| Amiodarone | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Amitriptyline | Arrhythmia | Cholestyramine(CYP2D6 substrate) increases enterohepatic elimination of amiodarone and may reduce its serum levels and t?. Disopyramide increases QT prolongation which could cause arrhythmia. [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
|
| Amitriptyline Hydrochloride | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Antipsychotics | Tardive Dyskinesia | Tardive dyskinesia [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Atenolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Atenolol | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Betaxolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Bisoprolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Bupranolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Carvedilol | Bradycardia | Concomitant administration of clonidine with agents with b-blocking properties (carvedilol) may potentiate blood-pressure- and heart-rate-lowering effects When concomitant treatment with agents with b-blocking properties and clonidine is to be terminated@ the b-blocking agent should be discontinued first [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
|
| Carvedilol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Carvedilol | Slow Av Conduction | DiGOxin concentrations are increased by about 15% when diGOxin and carvedilol are administered concomitantly becaesue of the inhibition of CYP2D6 activity by carvedilol Both diGOxin and COREG slow AV conduction [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
|
| Citalopram | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Clomipramine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Clonidine | Increasing Clozapine Plasma Level | Concomitant administration of drugs known to inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450 isozymes(CYP1A2@CYP2D6) may increase the plasma levels of clozapine Cimetidine@ caffeine@ fluvoxamine@ and erythromycin may increase plasma levels of FazaCloo (clozapine@ USP)@ potentially resulting in adverse effects Although concomitant use of FazaCloo (clozapine@ USP) and carbamazepine is not recommended@ it should be noted that discontinuation of concomitant carbamazepine administration may result in an increase in FazaCloo (clozapine@ USP) plasma levels [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
|
| Codeine | Increasing Cns Depression | Narcotic analgesics@ alcohol@ general anesthetics@ tranquilizers such as chlordiazepoxide@ sedative-hypnotics@ or other CNS depressants@ causing increased CNS depression. [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
|
| Covera | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Diltiazem | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| dothiepin | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Doxepin | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Flecainide | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Fluoxetine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Fluvoxamine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Labetalol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Lofepramine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Maprotiline | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Metoprolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Mexiletine | Increasing Mexiletine Toxicity | Fluoxetine competitively inhibits CYP2D6 activity@thus reduces mexiletine clearnace and increases mexiletine toxicity [ ADR Type 4 ] | Comment: potential risk of valproic acid therapy in patients who are HIV-positive
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| Mexiletine | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| mianserin | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Moricizine | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Nadolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Nortriptyline | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Opioids | Inefficacy | Inefficacy of codeine as analgesic@ narcotic sideeffects@dependence. [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Pacerone | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Paroxetine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Phenytoin | Toxic Phenomena | TCAs inhibit both CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 and that the interaction between TCAs and phenytoin involves inhibition of CYP2C19-catalyzed phenytoin p-hydroxylation@ which inhibits phenytoin elimination@ with a consequent risk for toxic phenomena [ ADR Type 4 ] | Inhibitory effects of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) on human cytochrome P450 enzymes in vitro: mechanism of drug interaction between TCAs and phenytoin
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| Practolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Procainamide | Hepatotoxicity | CYP2D6 is the major human cytochrome P450 isozyme involved in the formation of the reactive metabolite of procainamide@ namely N-hydroxyprocainamide Associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity [ ADR Type 2 ] | Role of CYP2D6 in the N-hydroxylation of procainamide
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| Procainamide | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Pronestyl | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Pronethalol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Propafenone | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Propranolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Propranolol | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Quinidine | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Sertraline | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Sotalol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Sotalol | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Tikosyn | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Timolol | Increased Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Tocainide | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Toprol XL | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
|
| Tramadol | Seizures | Doxepin competitively inhibits CYP2D6 activity@thus it increases the level of tramadol in blood and increases the risk of seizures [ ADR Type 4 ] | Identification of tramadol and its metabolites in blood from drug-related deaths and drug-impaired drivers
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| Trazodone | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers. [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Trimipramine | Toxicity And Inefficacy | Toxicity in poor metabolisers@ inefficacy in ultrarapid metabolisers [ ADR Type 3 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| verapamil | Proarrhythmia | Proarrhythmic and other toxic effects [ ADR Type 2 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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| Xamoterol | Beta-Blockade | Increased beta-blockade [ ADR Type 1 ] | Drugs in special patient groups: clinical importance of genomics in drug effects In: Carruthers GS, Hoffmann BB,Melmon KL, Nierenberg DW
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