| Drug Name: | Ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1) |
|---|---|
| PubChem ID: | 2764 |
| SMILES: | C1CC1N2C=C(C(=O)C3=CC(=C(C=C32)N4CCNCC4)F)C(=O)O |
| InchiKey: | MYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Therapeutic Category: | Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anti-Infective Agents, Antineoplastic Agents, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors, Enzyme Inhibitors, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Topoisomerase II Inhibitors, Topoisomerase Inhibitors |
| Molecular Weight (dalton) | : | 331.347 |
| LogP | : | 1.5833 |
| Ring Count | : | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | : | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | : | 2 |
| Total Polar Surface Area | : | 74.57 |
This panel provides information on interacting drugs and their ADRs along with references
| Interacting drug | Toxicity | Interaction Type | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Naproxen (22204-53-1) | Neurotoxicity | Antagonistic | Not fully understood Experiments in mice have shown that quinolones competitively inhibit the binding of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) to its receptors the NSAID simply lowers the amount of quinolone needed to precipitate convulsions in already susceptible individuals | Hippocampus and frontal cortex are the potential mediatory sites for convulsions induced by new quinolones and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| Indomethacin (53-86-1) | Neurotoxicity | Antagonistic | Not fully understood Experiments in mice have shown that quinolones competitively inhibit the binding of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) to its receptors the NSAID simply lowers the amount of quinolone needed to precipitate convulsions in already susceptible individuals | Hippocampus and frontal cortex are the potential mediatory sites for convulsions induced by new quinolones and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| Phenytoin (57-41-0) | Decreased Phenytoin Levels | Antagonistic | The mechanism for the effect of ciprofloxacin on phenytoin levels is unknown, and is unlikely to be due to effects on hepatic metabolism or oral absorption | ciprofloxacin-phenytoin interaction |
| Methotrexate (59-05-2) | Renal Impairment | Synergistic | Not fully understood. Ciprofloxacin may displace methotrexate from its plasma-protein binding sites resulting in a rise in levels of unbound methotrexate. Ciprofloxacin may also cause a decrease in renal clearance of methotrexate | Interaction Between Methotrexate and Ciprofloxacin |
| Methotrexate (59-05-2) | Skin Toxicity | Synergistic | Not fully understood. Ciprofloxacin may displace methotrexate from its plasma-protein binding sites resulting in a rise in levels of unbound methotrexate. Ciprofloxacin may also cause a decrease in renal clearance of methotrexate | Interaction Between Methotrexate and Ciprofloxacin |
| Mefenamic acid (61-68-7) | Neurotoxicity | Antagonistic | Not fully understood Experiments in mice have shown that quinolones competitively inhibit the binding of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) to its receptors the NSAID simply lowers the amount of quinolone needed to precipitate convulsions in already susceptible individuals | Hippocampus and frontal cortex are the potential mediatory sites for convulsions induced by new quinolones and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| Methadone (76-99-3) | Respiratory Depression | Additive | The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 are involved in the metabolism of methadone. Ciprofloxacin is a potent inhibitor of CYP1A2 and possibly has some effect on CYP3A4. It is therefore probable that the confusion and sedation seen in the patient were due to the inhibition of methadone metabolism | Methadone, ciprofloxacin, and adverse drug reactions |
| Warfarin (81-81-2) | Bleeding | Antagonistic | Uncertain. It is not clear what factors might have been responsible in those cases where the effects of the anticoagulants were increased | Effect of ciprofloxacin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin |
This panel provides drug-protein interaction and their ADRs along with references
| Toxicity | Interacting Protein | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fulminant Hepatic Failure | Alanine aminotransferase (P24298) | Serum aspartate aminotransferase and Alanine aminotransferase concentrations were markedly elevated@which leads to Fulminant hepatic failure [ ADR Type 2 ] | Fulminant hepatic failure possibly related to ciprofloxacin |
| Fulminant Hepatic Failure | Aspartate aminotransferase (P00505) | Serum aspartate aminotransferase and Alanine aminotransferase concentrations were markedly elevated,which leads to Fulminant hepatic failure. [ ADR Type 2 ] | Fulminant hepatic failure possibly related to ciprofloxacin |
| Haematological Toxicity | Alanine aminotransferase (P24298) | Usually invariably reversible elevations of serum aminotransferases@which leads to significant haematological or biochemical toxicity [ ADR Type 1 ] | Ciprofloxacin: an overview of adverse experiences J Antimicrob |
| Increase Morbidity | DNA gyrase subunit A (P48369) | The gyrA gene mutation is sufficient to confer resistance to nalidixic acid and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin@which can increase morbidity and mortality due to delay in appropriate antibiotic treatment [ ADR Type 3 ] | Reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and gyra gene mutation in North Indian strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and serotype |
| Increase Mortality | DNA gyrase subunit A (P48369) | The gyrA gene mutation is sufficient to confer resistance to nalidixic acid and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin@which can increase morbidity and mortality due to delay in appropriate antibiotic treatment [ ADR Type 3 ] | Reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and gyra gene mutation in North Indian strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and serotype |
This panel provides drug-food interactions and their ADRs along with references
| Food | Toxicity | Reference |
|---|
This panel provides information on metabolites and their ADRs along with references
| Metabolite | Toxicity | Place of Metabolism | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|
This panel provides information on drug category